The development and application of scientific methods, procedures, and technologies that permit direct manipulation of genetic material in order to alter the hereditary traits of a cell, organism, or population
One of the most important and widely practised professions in the galaxy, gengineering is the practical development of genetics, and involves transplanting or replicating genesfrom other organisms or templates into the host chromosomes in order to repair defects, enhance inherited traits, or simply create completely new organisms. A few of the multiplicity of varied uses include low-tech and low-maintenance manufacturing of complex proteins, hormones, enzymes, etc via bacterial biotech, biobot and biomachine control and design, genehacking and Genemod research, development and application, creating exotic or improved plant and animals, cloning, tweaking human and other genotypes to survive under exotic conditions, creating genetic superiors, provolving animals (and even plants) to baseline-human-level sentience or above, and splicing terragen- and xeno- biota to create completely novel organisms.
Chromosome - Text by M. Alan Kazlev In terragen biological life-forms, the individual self-replicating thread-like structures, containing the nucleotide sequence of DNA and along which the genes are located. In prokaryotes, chromosomal DNA is circular, and the entire genome is carried on one chromosome, which is distributed throughout the cell. In Eukaryotic cells the chromosomes are contained within the cellular nucleus, and the genome includes a number of chromosomes whose DNA is associated with different kinds of proteins.
Genentics - Text by Anders Sandberg Genetekkerese dialect, developed as part of the family historicism of the 2000's. Commonly spoken by Genen, official language on Frog's Head. Part of the Genetekkerese family of languages. Contains elements of Anglic, Arabic and Esperanto.
Genetekker Vehicle Buddhism - Text by M. Alan Kazlev Interplanetary age Genetekker development of Vajrayana/Buddhist Tantra that rejects the asceticism of orthodox Buddhism. First appeared in habitats around Jupiter in the Gengineer Republic. It still has a small following among a few Genetekker-descended groups in the Sol System and a few other old core worlds.
Genetic Algorithm - Text by Anders Sandberg in his Transhumanist Terminology Any algorithm which seeks to solve a problem by considering numerous possibilities at once, ranking them according to some standard of fitness, and then combining ("breeding") the fittest in some way. In other words, any algorithm which imitates natural selection.
Genetics - Text by M. Alan Kazlev The study of heredity, genes, and the genome, both terragen and alien (this latter is sometimes called xenogenetics). Includes also the mapping of the genotype with the phenotype, simulation of past and future inheritance and evolutionary paths, and the basic theory behind gengineering.
Genotype - Text by M. Alan Kazlev; additions by Stephen Inniss Hereditary constitution of an individual; its genome (or equivalent, in artificial neumann-capable organisms or in xenobionts). Contrast with phenotype.
Genotypic Augmentation - Text by M. Alan Kazlev Modification or augmentation that effects only the genotype of the gametes and descendants of an organism. Genotypic augmentation is biological or genetic modification or augmentation that effects only the genotype of the gametes and descendants of an organism. It does not alter the characteristics of the user, or of clones from the user's somatic cells, but it does modify that of all of the user's offspring. Contrast with phenotypic augmentation.