Emerging after centuries of impoverishment in the 2100s as a powerful high tech democracy, India remained a volatile contradiction of rich and poor, traditional castes and modern western lifestyle, ancient religions and modern secularism, embracing everything from ox drawn carts to quantum computers. Advances in biotechnology finally put an end to poverty, and the development of a space-based industry enabled them to establish colonies in orbit, on the Moon, and on Mars and the Belt.
Indian ethnic groups remained important even in the First Federation period, establishing colonies at Diwali, Pandya, and elsewhere. Many worlds in the Sophic League were colonised partially or entirely by groups claiming descent from Indian ancestors.